Romania: Population and Key Statistics
With 19 million people, Romania is Eastern Europe's most populous EU member. Its economy has grown rapidly since accession in 2007, led by the information technology sector, automotive manufacturing (Dacia), and agriculture; the country became a full member of the Schengen area in early 2025.
Remittances sent home by millions of citizens working abroad play an important role in the economy, and the population has fallen by about four million since 1990 because of emigration and low fertility.
Population (2025)
19.0 million
19,020,271 people
GDP (2025)
$429bn
nominal, current US dollars
GDP per capita
$22,538
Life expectancy
76.5
years
Area
238,400
km²
Population density
80
people/km²
Median age
43.5
Internet usage
91.3%
Military Strength
Military expenditure (2024)
$8.7bn
8,716 million dollars
Share of GDP
2.30%
NATO guideline: 2%
Share of government spending
5.85%
Spending per capita
$458
per year, per person
Armed forces (2020)
128 thousand
128,000 active personnel
Armed forces per 1,000 people
6.7
1.52% of the labor force
Expenditure figures come from SIPRI and personnel counts from the IISS, both distributed through the World Bank. Source years differ by indicator, so each figure is shown with its own year.
Data sourcesPopulation and social indicators: UN World Population Prospects, World BankEconomy: IMF World Economic Outlook, World BankMilitary: SIPRI and IISS, distributed through the World BankLast refreshed: 2026-08-26